RTSP-Streamer/internal/config/config.go

// Package config defines the on-disk configuration for rtsp-streamer and
// handles loading, validation, and atomic saving. The config is a single
// YAML file that is safe to hand-edit or to mutate via the TUI.
package config

import (
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"path/filepath"
	"strconv"
	"strings"

	"gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
)

// Config is the root document persisted to disk.
type Config struct {
	// Controller describes how to reach the UniFi Protect controller for
	// camera discovery. Optional if you only use manually-added cameras.
	Controller Controller `yaml:"controller"`

	// Display pins the output resolution used for grid geometry math. When
	// zero, the daemon asks the compositor for the connected output's mode.
	Display Display `yaml:"display"`

	// Player holds mpv tuning shared by every stream.
	Player Player `yaml:"player"`

	// Cameras is the discovered/known camera catalog. Populated by
	// `rtsp-streamer discover` or edited by hand. Layouts reference cameras
	// by Name.
	Cameras []Camera `yaml:"cameras"`

	// Layouts are named preset grids.
	Layouts []Layout `yaml:"layouts"`

	// ActiveLayout is the name of the layout the daemon renders.
	ActiveLayout string `yaml:"active_layout"`

	// ViewRefreshSeconds, when > 0, makes the daemon periodically re-sync the
	// active layout from its linked UniFi Protect live view (ProtectView).
	// Requires controller credentials available to the daemon. 0 = off.
	ViewRefreshSeconds int `yaml:"view_refresh_seconds,omitempty"`

	// Clock overlays a live clock in a screen corner.
	Clock Clock `yaml:"clock,omitempty"`
}

// Clock configures the on-screen clock overlay: a small always-on-top window
// showing the current local time, drawn as outlined white text over the video
// so it stays legible on both bright (day) and dark (night) scenes.
type Clock struct {
	// Enabled turns the overlay on.
	Enabled bool `yaml:"enabled"`
	// Timezone is an IANA name (e.g. "America/Denver"); "Local" or empty uses
	// the system timezone. DST is handled automatically.
	Timezone string `yaml:"timezone,omitempty"`
	// Format is a Go time layout. Default "15:04:05" (24-hour with seconds).
	// Examples: "3:04:05 PM", "Mon Jan 2  15:04".
	Format string `yaml:"format,omitempty"`
	// Corner places the overlay: bottom-right (default), bottom-left,
	// top-right, top-left, bottom-center, top-center. The *-center positions
	// center the overlay horizontally and ignore Margin on that axis.
	Corner string `yaml:"corner,omitempty"`
	// FontSize is the glyph height in pixels (default 44).
	FontSize int `yaml:"font_size,omitempty"`
	// Width/Height are the overlay window size in pixels (defaults 300x72).
	Width  int `yaml:"width,omitempty"`
	Height int `yaml:"height,omitempty"`
	// Margin is the gap from the screen edges in pixels (default 24).
	Margin int `yaml:"margin,omitempty"`
	// BackgroundOpacity is the alpha of the overlay's backing box, 0.0
	// (invisible) to 1.0 (solid black). Default 0.45.
	//
	// It must not be 0: the time is drawn into the canvas by a drawtext filter,
	// and on a fully transparent canvas the glyphs inherit the canvas's zero
	// alpha, so the compositor draws nothing and the clock silently disappears.
	// A small non-zero value gives the text a dark backing that also keeps it
	// legible over bright daytime scenes.
	BackgroundOpacity float64 `yaml:"background_opacity,omitempty"`
}

// Controller holds UniFi Protect connection details.
type Controller struct {
	Host     string `yaml:"host"`     // hostname or IP of the UniFi OS console
	Username string `yaml:"username"` // local Protect user with camera access
	// Password is read here only if PasswordEnv is empty. Prefer PasswordEnv
	// so secrets stay out of the committed config file.
	Password    string `yaml:"password,omitempty"`
	PasswordEnv string `yaml:"password_env,omitempty"`
	// VerifyTLS toggles certificate verification. UniFi consoles ship a
	// self-signed cert by default, so this is false unless you install a
	// trusted cert.
	VerifyTLS bool `yaml:"verify_tls"`
	// RTSPPort is the Protect RTSPS port (7441 on current firmware).
	RTSPPort int `yaml:"rtsp_port,omitempty"`
}

// ResolvePassword returns the effective password, preferring the env var.
func (c Controller) ResolvePassword() string {
	if c.PasswordEnv != "" {
		if v := os.Getenv(c.PasswordEnv); v != "" {
			return v
		}
	}
	return c.Password
}

// Display pins the render resolution.
type Display struct {
	Width  int `yaml:"width,omitempty"`
	Height int `yaml:"height,omitempty"`
}

// Player is shared mpv configuration.
type Player struct {
	// HWDec selects mpv's hardware decoder (e.g. "auto-safe", "v4l2m2m",
	// "drm", "no"). "auto-safe" is a good default on the Pi 4.
	HWDec string `yaml:"hwdec"`
	// Profile applies an mpv profile; "low-latency" trims buffering for live
	// feeds. Empty disables it.
	Profile string `yaml:"profile"`
	// ExtraArgs are appended verbatim to every mpv invocation.
	ExtraArgs []string `yaml:"extra_args,omitempty"`
	// MaxFPS caps the rendered frame rate (mpv --vf=fps). 0 = uncapped. Trims
	// render/scale load; the bigger decode lever is using substreams.
	MaxFPS int `yaml:"max_fps,omitempty"`
	// Audio enables stream sound. Off by default: a wall of simultaneous
	// feeds is unwatchable with sound, and skipping the audio decoder saves
	// CPU per stream.
	Audio bool `yaml:"audio,omitempty"`
	// ResyncSeconds, when > 0, makes the daemon reconnect each stream to the
	// live edge on this interval (staggered across tiles). Live RTSP can't be
	// seeked, so latency that slowly accumulates when the Pi decodes a hair
	// behind real-time is only cleared by reopening the stream. Each tile is
	// resynced about once per interval; e.g. 600 keeps drift well under a few
	// seconds. 0 = off.
	ResyncSeconds int `yaml:"resync_seconds,omitempty"`
	// RestartBackoffSeconds is how long to wait before relaunching a stream
	// that exited or stalled.
	RestartBackoffSeconds int `yaml:"restart_backoff_seconds,omitempty"`
}

// Camera is one known RTSP source.
type Camera struct {
	// ID is the UniFi Protect camera id, when discovered. Blank for manual
	// entries.
	ID string `yaml:"id,omitempty"`
	// Name is the human label and the key layouts reference. Must be unique.
	Name string `yaml:"name"`
	// RTSP is a single fully-resolved stream URL. Kept for backward
	// compatibility and manual entries; Streams takes precedence when present.
	RTSP string `yaml:"rtsp,omitempty"`
	// Streams maps a quality ("high"|"medium"|"low") to its stream URL, so a
	// tile can choose per-tile which to pull. Populated by discovery.
	Streams map[string]string `yaml:"streams,omitempty"`
	// Disabled hides the camera from selection without deleting it.
	Disabled bool `yaml:"disabled,omitempty"`
}

// Qualities in preference order, high to low.
var Qualities = []string{"high", "medium", "low"}

// StreamURL returns the URL for the requested quality, falling back sensibly:
// the exact quality, then any lower quality, then any stream at all, then the
// legacy single RTSP field.
func (c Camera) StreamURL(quality string) string {
	if len(c.Streams) > 0 {
		if quality != "" {
			if u := c.Streams[quality]; u != "" {
				return u
			}
		}
		// Fall back down the preference list from the requested quality.
		start := 0
		for i, q := range Qualities {
			if q == quality {
				start = i
				break
			}
		}
		for _, q := range Qualities[start:] {
			if u := c.Streams[q]; u != "" {
				return u
			}
		}
		for _, q := range Qualities {
			if u := c.Streams[q]; u != "" {
				return u
			}
		}
	}
	return c.RTSP
}

// AvailableQualities lists the qualities this camera actually has, high to low.
func (c Camera) AvailableQualities() []string {
	var out []string
	for _, q := range Qualities {
		if c.Streams[q] != "" {
			out = append(out, q)
		}
	}
	return out
}

// MaxTiles caps how many simultaneous streams a layout may show. Decoding
// more than this on a Pi 4 is impractical even with substreams.
const MaxTiles = 16

// Layout is a named arrangement on a base grid. Cameras are placed as Tiles
// that may span multiple grid cells (a big main view plus small side tiles,
// security-wall style). The older Slots form (one camera per cell, row-major)
// is still accepted and is transparently upgraded to tiles.
type Layout struct {
	Name string `yaml:"name"`
	// Grid is the base grid "COLSxROWS", e.g. "4x3". Tiles are placed and
	// sized in these cells.
	Grid string `yaml:"grid"`
	// Tiles is the placement model. Preferred over Slots.
	Tiles []Tile `yaml:"tiles,omitempty"`
	// Slots is the legacy one-camera-per-cell model (row-major). Kept for
	// backward compatibility; EffectiveTiles converts it to tiles.
	Slots []string `yaml:"slots,omitempty"`
	// ProtectView, when set, is the name of the UniFi Protect live view this
	// layout mirrors. `views import` sets it; the daemon re-syncs it on a timer
	// when view_refresh_seconds > 0 and controller creds are available.
	ProtectView string `yaml:"protect_view,omitempty"`
}

// Tile places one camera at a rectangular region of the base grid.
type Tile struct {
	Camera  string `yaml:"camera"`
	Col     int    `yaml:"col"`
	Row     int    `yaml:"row"`
	ColSpan int    `yaml:"colspan,omitempty"` // defaults to 1
	RowSpan int    `yaml:"rowspan,omitempty"` // defaults to 1
	// Quality selects which stream to pull for this tile: "high"|"medium"|
	// "low". Empty means the camera's best available (see Camera.StreamURL).
	Quality string `yaml:"quality,omitempty"`
}

// Span returns the tile's spans with zero values normalized to 1.
func (t Tile) Span() (colspan, rowspan int) {
	colspan, rowspan = t.ColSpan, t.RowSpan
	if colspan < 1 {
		colspan = 1
	}
	if rowspan < 1 {
		rowspan = 1
	}
	return colspan, rowspan
}

// EffectiveTiles returns the layout's tiles, normalizing spans and upgrading a
// legacy Slots list to 1x1 tiles when Tiles is empty.
func (l Layout) EffectiveTiles() []Tile {
	if len(l.Tiles) > 0 {
		out := make([]Tile, len(l.Tiles))
		for i, t := range l.Tiles {
			cs, rs := t.Span()
			t.ColSpan, t.RowSpan = cs, rs
			out[i] = t
		}
		return out
	}
	cols, _, err := l.Dimensions()
	if err != nil || cols == 0 {
		return nil
	}
	var out []Tile
	for i, cam := range l.Slots {
		if cam == "" {
			continue
		}
		out = append(out, Tile{Camera: cam, Col: i % cols, Row: i / cols, ColSpan: 1, RowSpan: 1})
	}
	return out
}

// Dimensions parses Grid into cols, rows.
func (l Layout) Dimensions() (cols, rows int, err error) {
	parts := strings.SplitN(strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(l.Grid)), "x", 2)
	if len(parts) != 2 {
		return 0, 0, fmt.Errorf("layout %q: grid %q must look like COLSxROWS", l.Name, l.Grid)
	}
	cols, err = strconv.Atoi(strings.TrimSpace(parts[0]))
	if err != nil || cols < 1 {
		return 0, 0, fmt.Errorf("layout %q: bad column count in grid %q", l.Name, l.Grid)
	}
	rows, err = strconv.Atoi(strings.TrimSpace(parts[1]))
	if err != nil || rows < 1 {
		return 0, 0, fmt.Errorf("layout %q: bad row count in grid %q", l.Name, l.Grid)
	}
	return cols, rows, nil
}

// Capacity is the number of cells in the grid.
func (l Layout) Capacity() int {
	cols, rows, err := l.Dimensions()
	if err != nil {
		return 0
	}
	return cols * rows
}

// CameraByName returns the named camera, or nil if absent.
func (c *Config) CameraByName(name string) *Camera {
	for i := range c.Cameras {
		if c.Cameras[i].Name == name {
			return &c.Cameras[i]
		}
	}
	return nil
}

// LayoutByName returns the named layout, or nil if absent.
func (c *Config) LayoutByName(name string) *Layout {
	for i := range c.Layouts {
		if c.Layouts[i].Name == name {
			return &c.Layouts[i]
		}
	}
	return nil
}

// Active returns the currently selected layout, or nil.
func (c *Config) Active() *Layout {
	if c.ActiveLayout == "" {
		return nil
	}
	return c.LayoutByName(c.ActiveLayout)
}

// Defaults fills in sensible zero-value replacements. Called after load.
func (c *Config) Defaults() {
	if c.Controller.RTSPPort == 0 {
		c.Controller.RTSPPort = 7441
	}
	if c.Player.HWDec == "" {
		c.Player.HWDec = "auto-safe"
	}
	if c.Player.RestartBackoffSeconds == 0 {
		c.Player.RestartBackoffSeconds = 3
	}
	if c.Clock.Enabled {
		if c.Clock.Timezone == "" {
			c.Clock.Timezone = "Local"
		}
		if c.Clock.Format == "" {
			c.Clock.Format = "15:04:05"
		}
		if c.Clock.Corner == "" {
			c.Clock.Corner = "bottom-right"
		}
		if c.Clock.FontSize == 0 {
			c.Clock.FontSize = 44
		}
		if c.Clock.Width == 0 {
			c.Clock.Width = 300
		}
		if c.Clock.Height == 0 {
			c.Clock.Height = 72
		}
		if c.Clock.Margin == 0 {
			c.Clock.Margin = 24
		}
		if c.Clock.BackgroundOpacity <= 0 {
			// 0 renders an invisible clock (see BackgroundOpacity), so treat
			// unset — and any nonsense value — as the default.
			c.Clock.BackgroundOpacity = 0.45
		}
		if c.Clock.BackgroundOpacity > 1 {
			c.Clock.BackgroundOpacity = 1
		}
	}
}

// Validate checks referential integrity and returns the first problem found.
func (c *Config) Validate() error {
	seen := map[string]bool{}
	for _, cam := range c.Cameras {
		if cam.Name == "" {
			return fmt.Errorf("a camera is missing a name")
		}
		if seen[cam.Name] {
			return fmt.Errorf("duplicate camera name %q", cam.Name)
		}
		seen[cam.Name] = true
	}

	layoutNames := map[string]bool{}
	for _, l := range c.Layouts {
		if l.Name == "" {
			return fmt.Errorf("a layout is missing a name")
		}
		if layoutNames[l.Name] {
			return fmt.Errorf("duplicate layout name %q", l.Name)
		}
		layoutNames[l.Name] = true

		cols, rows, err := l.Dimensions()
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if len(l.Tiles) > 0 {
			if err := validateTiles(l, cols, rows, seen); err != nil {
				return err
			}
		} else {
			if len(l.Slots) > cols*rows {
				return fmt.Errorf("layout %q: %d slots exceed grid capacity %d", l.Name, len(l.Slots), cols*rows)
			}
			for _, slot := range l.Slots {
				if slot != "" && !seen[slot] {
					return fmt.Errorf("layout %q references unknown camera %q", l.Name, slot)
				}
			}
		}
	}

	if c.ActiveLayout != "" && !layoutNames[c.ActiveLayout] {
		return fmt.Errorf("active_layout %q is not a defined layout", c.ActiveLayout)
	}

	if c.Clock.Enabled && c.Clock.Corner != "" {
		switch c.Clock.Corner {
		case "bottom-right", "bottom-left", "top-right", "top-left",
			"bottom-center", "top-center":
		default:
			return fmt.Errorf("clock.corner %q must be one of bottom-right, bottom-left, top-right, top-left, bottom-center, top-center", c.Clock.Corner)
		}
	}
	return nil
}

// validateTiles checks a tile-based layout: in-bounds, no overlap, known
// cameras, and within the MaxTiles cap.
func validateTiles(l Layout, cols, rows int, knownCameras map[string]bool) error {
	if len(l.Tiles) > MaxTiles {
		return fmt.Errorf("layout %q: %d tiles exceed the %d-camera limit", l.Name, len(l.Tiles), MaxTiles)
	}
	occupied := make([]bool, cols*rows)
	for _, t := range l.Tiles {
		cs, rs := t.Span()
		if t.Col < 0 || t.Row < 0 || t.Col+cs > cols || t.Row+rs > rows {
			return fmt.Errorf("layout %q: tile %q at (%d,%d)+%dx%d falls outside the %dx%d grid",
				l.Name, t.Camera, t.Col, t.Row, cs, rs, cols, rows)
		}
		if t.Camera != "" && !knownCameras[t.Camera] {
			return fmt.Errorf("layout %q references unknown camera %q", l.Name, t.Camera)
		}
		for r := t.Row; r < t.Row+rs; r++ {
			for cc := t.Col; cc < t.Col+cs; cc++ {
				idx := r*cols + cc
				if occupied[idx] {
					return fmt.Errorf("layout %q: tiles overlap at cell (col %d, row %d)", l.Name, cc, r)
				}
				occupied[idx] = true
			}
		}
	}
	return nil
}

// DefaultPath returns the XDG config path, honoring $RTSP_STREAMER_CONFIG.
func DefaultPath() string {
	if p := os.Getenv("RTSP_STREAMER_CONFIG"); p != "" {
		return p
	}
	base := os.Getenv("XDG_CONFIG_HOME")
	if base == "" {
		if home, err := os.UserHomeDir(); err == nil {
			base = filepath.Join(home, ".config")
		}
	}
	return filepath.Join(base, "rtsp-streamer", "config.yaml")
}

// Load reads and validates the config at path. A missing file yields a
// zero-value config with defaults applied (not an error), so first-run tools
// can start from an empty state.
func Load(path string) (*Config, error) {
	data, err := os.ReadFile(path)
	if err != nil {
		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
			c := &Config{}
			c.Defaults()
			return c, nil
		}
		return nil, err
	}
	var c Config
	if err := yaml.Unmarshal(data, &c); err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("parsing %s: %w", path, err)
	}
	c.Defaults()
	if err := c.Validate(); err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid config %s: %w", path, err)
	}
	return &c, nil
}

// Save writes the config atomically (temp file + rename) so a crash mid-write
// never truncates the live config.
func Save(path string, c *Config) error {
	if err := c.Validate(); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("refusing to save invalid config: %w", err)
	}
	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(path), 0o755); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	data, err := yaml.Marshal(c)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	tmp, err := os.CreateTemp(filepath.Dir(path), ".config-*.yaml.tmp")
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	tmpName := tmp.Name()
	defer os.Remove(tmpName) // no-op if rename succeeded
	if _, err := tmp.Write(data); err != nil {
		tmp.Close()
		return err
	}
	// Flush to stable storage before the rename: on SD cards a power cut
	// between rename and writeback can otherwise leave an empty config.
	if err := tmp.Sync(); err != nil {
		tmp.Close()
		return err
	}
	if err := tmp.Close(); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return os.Rename(tmpName, path)
}